Starspots: A Key to the Stellar Dynamo

"Starspots: A Key to the Stellar Dynamo"

Svetlana V. Berdyugina

	Abstract
1	Introduction
2	The Phenomenon of Stellar Activity
	2.1	Red dwarfs and BY Dra phenomenon
	2.2	Solar-type stars
	2.3	T Tauri stars
	2.4	RS CVn stars
	2.5	FK Com stars
	2.6	W UMa stars
	2.7	Algols
	2.8	Degenerate stars
3	Observational Tools for Studying Starspots
	3.1	Photometry
	3.2	Spectroscopy
	3.3	Polarimetry
	3.4	Interferometry
	3.5	Microlensing
4	Diagnostic Techniques for Studying Starspots
	4.1	Light-curve modelling
	4.2	Doppler Imaging
	4.3	Zeeman-Doppler Imaging
	4.4	Molecular bands modelling
	4.5	Line depth ratios
	4.6	Asteroseismology
5	Starspot Properties
	5.1	Temperature and filling factor
	5.2	Magnetic field
	5.3	Lifetimes
	5.4	Active longitudes
	5.5	Differential rotation
	5.6	Latitudes and butterfly diagrams
6	Starspot Evolution and Stellar Activity Cycles
	6.1	Overall activity variations
	6.2	Flip-flop cycles
	6.3	Orbital period modulation
7	Theoretical Models
	7.1	Dynamo models
	7.2	Flux-tube models
8	Summary
	Acknowledgements
9	Additional Tables
	References
	Figures